| Instrumentation,
Calibration, and Measurements
Robert Halliburton |
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| External
Radiation Dosimetry
James Turner |
A
central task of radiation dosimetry is using instrument readings and
other information to assess doses received by individuals exposed
to external ionizing radiation. The regulatory quantities required
and methods of detecting external radiation are summarized. Some of
the technical problems entailed in developing workable systems of
dosimetry are discussed. Particular attention is given to ionization
cavity theory, dosimetry for beta radiation, and a personnel TLD dosimeter
system.
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| Development
and Implementation of an Internal Radiation Safety Program
for Academic and Biomedical Institutions
Clayton French |
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| Accelerators:
Types, Principles, Uses
Frank Harmon |
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| Accelerators:
Operational Safety and Dosimetry
Richard Brey |
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| Accelerators:
Radiation Fields and Shielding
Vaclav Vylet |
In
this talk we first describe the specific ways in which accelerators
produce radiation and basic characteristics of such radiation fields.
This is logically followed by a description of accelerator
shielding techniques and illustrated by practical examples. The discussion
is limited to electron and proton machines, which constitute the vast
majority of the accelerators
in service. We conclude with a short review of useful reference documents.
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| An
Operational Guide to Laser Safety in A University Setting
Dewey Sprague |
This class
is intended to provide an operational approach to developing and implementing
a university-level laser safety program. Most persons dedicated to
this task will be health physicists or other safety professionals
who have been appointed (but not necessarily trained) as Laser Safety
Officers (LSO). This material is intended to provide practical guidance
for the new LSO in building a laser safety program. In addition to
laser safety, some supplementary materials covering other areas of
non-ionizing radiation safety will also be provided.
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| Implementation
Guidance for the New 10 CFR 35 Regulatory Landscape, Jeffrey
Siegel |
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| Operational
Issues Associated with the Medical Use of Radiopharmaceucticals
and Brachytherapy
Victoria Morris |
This chapter
provides an overview of the medical use of radiopharmaceuticals
and brachytherapy.
Included is a brief history, the key radiation safety and regulatory
challenges associated with these medical uses of radioactive material
and recommendations to the radiation safety officer for enhancing
radiation safety and regulatory compliance.
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| Radiation
Protection for Intravascular Brachytherapy Applications
Peter Vernig |
Approximately
80 percent of coronary arteries receiving angioplasty treatment to
widen the openings narrowed by cholesterol build up will renarrow
unless a stent is used. Use of a stent, which is a mesh tube, that
is inserted in the artery to hold it open, cuts the restenosis or
renarrowing to about 40%. The use of coronary artery radiation therapy
in the form of irradiation by sealed source or brachytherapy decreases
the re-narrowing or restenosis rate to about 20%. In November of 2000,
two devices were approved by the FDA for treatment of “in-stent”
restenosis. One was the Cordis,
Checkmate™ system employing Ir-192 sources and the other
was the Novoste,
Beta Cath™ system using strontium/yttrium-90 sources. In
November of 2001 the FDA approved a third device, the Guidant,
Galileo™ system employing a phosphorous-32 loaded wire driven
by a microprocessor controlled device. Two other devices are used
in Europe, a radioactive stent using P-32 and a radioactive angioplasty
balloon also using P-32. In the summer of 2001 University [of Colorado]
Hospital began using a Novoste Beta Cath device and in July the Denver
VA Medical Center began the process to become licensed to use the
same device, initially intending to execute a sharing agreement with
University Hospital. In October VAMC, Denver did its first CART case.
This class will discuss the process, the different devices, focusing
on those that are approved for use, licensing and radiation safety
issues related to CART, also called intravascular
brachytherapy or IVB.
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| The
Role of the Health Physicist in Human Biomedical Research
Marcia Hartman |
This class
will be an overview of the many roles health physicists play in human
biomedical research. It will start with a basic introduction to the
documents which form the basis for regulations on human subject research.
A review of the regulatory agencies and their respective regulations
will show the breadth and complexity of this subject. Recommendations
from ICRP-62, Radiological Protection in Biomedical Research, will
be reviewed. The remainder of the class will look at how different
programs manage review of human subject protocols which involve radiation
exposure, sources of dosimetry information, consent language for radiation
risk and suggested audit topics. If an attendee has an interest on
a particular aspect of this topic, please email the instructor with
your topic or question,
mbhartman@ucdavis.edu. |
| Control
of Radioactive Materials at Remote Research Locations
Sandy O'Brien |
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| Control
and Dispositioning of Sealed Sources
J. Andrew Tompkins |
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| The
AAHP Standard for Qualification and Practice for
University and Medical Radiation Safety Officers
Carolyn J. Owen |
| The
Professional Development Committee of the American Academy of Health
Physics along with the Health Physics Society have written two guidance
documents to assist those hiring radiation safety officers for healthcare
facilities and universities in establishing the qualifications necessary
for the job and evaluate candidates. The suggested qualifications
stem from a survey of the responsibilities of a healthcare radiation
safety officer as specified in regulations, in recommendations from
advisory bodies, and the experience of the writing committee and those
who reviewed the documents. The documents include a table of suggested
education and experience levels necessary for various size facilities,
and a check-list for use in evaluating the qualifications of potential
candidates. I will be discussing these two guidance documents and
provide suggestions on how they can be used. |
| Performance-based
Radiation Safety Program Reviews
Gerry Westcott |
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| Campus
Radiological Security
Andrew Karam |
| Our
old paradigm was that we needed to secure radioactive materials against
theft or misuse by a "casual" thief - usually a disgruntled
worker or someone trying to poison another person. Today, in
addition to that worry, we are also concerned about professional thieves
and terrorists stealing our radioactive materials for political purposes
- to use in terrorist attacks against large groups of people or entire
cities. Regardless of the scale of our concerns, the fact remains
that security of radioactive materials has been, and continues to
be one of the hallmarks of a good radiation safety program, and we
are all responsible for securing our sources against loss, theft,
and misuse to the greatest extent possible. In this class, we
will discuss these issues, the reasons for controlling our radioactive
materials and some methods for doing so in a reasonable manner. |
| Risk
Management for Radiation Safety Professionals
Robert J. Emery |
In recent years, many institutional
radiation safety programs have been involved in organizational re-alignments,
shifting from stand-alone units to assimilation into comprehensive
environmental health and safety programs. Such shifts compelled health
physicists to expand their professional knowledge base to better understand
the roles of their new organizational colleagues. But the trend of
institutional transformation has not stopped. A current phenomenon
is the creation of comprehensive
institutional risk management programs, which incorporate all
health and safety functions, along with other institutional loss control
and insurance activities. In recognition of this trend, it is imperative
that practicing health physicists become familiar with the risk
management and insurance profession to ensure that issues are
effectively communicated within the context of this new paradigm.
This course
will provide an overview of the risk management and insurance profession,
specifically addressing
(1) how an organization's loss exposures are identified and analyzed
(2) how risk management alternatives are evaluated
(3) how the most desirable option is selected
(4) the implementation of selected risk management techniques
(5) the monitoring of effectiveness. Suggested strategies for adapting
radiation safety programs to the risk management organizational environment
will be presented, and ample time will be allotted for questions,
answers and discussion.
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| Organizational
Approaches to Campus Health Physics Programs
James Schweitzer |
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| Integration
of Safety Programs: The Departmental Safety Advisor Concept
Gerry Westcott |
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| The
Selling of Safety in an Academic Setting
Robert J. Emery |
| Ask any
experienced practicing radiation safety professional and they will
likely tell you that the ultimate success or failure of any program
is contingent upon the ability to effectively “sell” its
attributes. Radiation safety professionals are constantly trying to
persuade, induce, convince, affect, impress, convert, discourage,
or prompt actions. We must be able to “sell” ourselves
to gain employment, start new initiatives, or successfully interact
with regulatory agencies. Although salesmanship is an essential skill
for the profession, training in this area is not normally included
in our academic or continuing education curricula. To cultivate an
awareness of the importance of sales and marketing skills in our profession,
this presentation will serve to answer some very basic, but essential
questions, such as: what are we “selling”, who are we
“selling” to, and how do we go about “selling”
effectively. |
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